Wilfrid swanwick boult



(No Model.)

W. S. BOULT.

OIL TESTING MACHINE.

Patented Apr. 1, 1890. l d

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILFRID SIVANIVICK BOULT, OF BIRKENHEAD, COUNTY OF CHESTER, ENGLAND.

OIL-TESTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,536, dated April 1, 1890.

Application filed September 9, 1889. Serial No. 323,346. (No model.) Patented in England July 27, 1888, No. 10,883.

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILFRID SWANWICK BOULT, a subject of the Queen of England, residing at Birkenhead, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or relating to Oil-Testing Machines, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 10,883, dated July 27, 1888,) of

which the following is a specification.

This apparatus, specially designed for mechanically testing oils and other lubricants at any desired temperature, embraces the following features: A metal bush with internal flanges or equivalent and an expanding journal to rotate within the bush and between the internal flanges, (the whole having its temperature adjusted by suitable means applied preferably to the outside of the bush and being lubricated with the oil to be tested,) and also a thermometer and apparatus for measuring (with or without graphically recording) the amount of friction generated by the rotation of the journal.

The internal flanges to the bush answer the double purpose of retaining the oil under test and keeping the bush in position on the journal, if not otherwise held.

For raising the temperature a flame may be applied to the bush directly or through the medium of alayer of copper or other material which is a good conductor of heat, or a jacket maybe formed round the bush and filled with oil or other substance which distributes the heat applied outside the jacket more or less evenly all around its inner surface. Instead of applying the flame directly to the jacket hot liquid may be circulated through it.

For reducing the temperature below that of the surrounding atmosphere, cold water, brine, &c., may be circulated through the jacket; but whatever arrangement for heat ing or cooling the bush may be adopted provision should be made for the insertion of a thermometer as close to the bush as practicable.

Instead of having internal flanges the bush may be formed internally of larger diameter toward the center than at the ends and longer than the bearingparts of the journal within, the diminution being continued to the ends.

Thus the form may be that of a barrel or of two truncated cones placed with their bases together, or other convenient form may be adopted.

The expanding journal may be formed of two or more parts pressed out by spring or other force against the inner surface of the bush, and is so constructed that its parts can be drawn together until itis capable of passing through the contracted end of the bush. The bush may be attached to the end of a shaft supported by bearings, in which it is free to oscillate, or may be carried entirely by the expanding journal. In the former case the rubbing parts of the journal need not be self-centering or independent of other control than the binding action of the bush for remaining equidistant from the axis of the rotating shaft. In the latter case this is requisite and is conveniently effected by making the journal, as shown in the drawings, in two parts, one of which is rigidly connected to or in one piece wit-h the shaft by which it is rotated and the other hinged to it or connected by guiding-studs or otherwise and pressed out by a spring.

The oil to be tested is placed inside the bush and on the journal, and when the de sired temperature is attained the machine is started. The tendency, due to friction, of the journal to carry the bush round with it is counteracted and measured by a spring balance or pendulum or other apparatus suitably connected to the bush. The amount of friction may be autographically recorded on a revolving drum or moving card, with reference either to time or to revolutions of the machine. To minimize vibrations of the pendulum or spring, a fly in gear therewith may be used.

In that part of the apparatus which is used for measuring the quantity of the lubricant and applying it to the testing-journal I prefer to employ a graduated glass tube of small bore-such as is used for registering-thermometers, for instance-and a piece of wire or equivalentcapable of freely passing down the tube. One end of the piece of wire is served with cotton or otherwise made into a piston fitting closely to the tube, by inserting it in which a small syringe is formed. The tube should be pointed at one end and, by preference, slightly opened out at the other.

To use the apparatus it is first charged with the oil to be measured, the piston being entered at the enlarged end of the tube and the pointed end wiped clean. The piston is then pressed in until opposite one of the graduations and the expressed oil drawn off the point of the tube by moving over some clean hard surface. By further pushing in the piston any desired quantity of lubricant may then be discharged directly onto the surfaces where it is required, and the test conducted in the usual manner.

In order the more clearly to set forth the nature of this invention, I refer to theaccompanying drawings of an apparatus actually made, in which drawings- Figure 1 is a perspective view; Fig. 2, a vertioal cross-section through jacket, bush, and journal; Fig. 3, a vertical longitudinal section through the same, and Fig. 4 shows the measuring-tube and its piston.

Mounted on a main standard Q, Fig. 1, isa driving-shaft D, carrying at its outer end an expanding-journal B, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, formed of two portions pressed apart by the helical spring 0, which two portions can be drawn together against the pressure of spring 0 by means of the two screws M M. These screws also serve to hold in position and rotate the upper of the two portions, as shown in the drawings.

A is a metal bush with internal flanges a, surrounded by the jacket E, to the outside of which are attached the arm e and its counterpoising weight 6', the thermometer G, and the flame-guard F, which last prevents the deposit of condensed moisture on the cold surface of the journal B when the Bunsen burner Li's first lighted, and, also, when the jacketed bush E A is removed from the journal, serves as a foot for it to stand on.

The arm e is attached to one end of a chain H, the other end of which is connected by means of .a drum or pulley inside the case N to the pendulum J, (the movements of which are shown on the dial K by the index-finger K',) so that the greater the pull on the chain II (due to frictionbetween the journal B and the bush A) the further the pendulum J is drawn over to one side and the greater is its moment of resistance about its point of suspension.

The indicating mechanismis carried by the branch standard P of the main standard Q.

0 is a revolution-counter.

R, Fig. 4, is the graduated measuring-tube pointed at the end R and funnelshapcd at the other end B.

S is the piston served with cotton at S so as to fit the bore of the tube R.

With the expanding journal and bush constructed as shown in the drawings, no further means of supporting or guiding the bush is needed; but it will be understood that While I prefer to employ the internal flanges a, whether for holding the bush in position or for retaining the oil, it is nevertheless possible to use this bush without any flanges at all, and that I can do if occasion arise.

I c1aim---- 1. In an oil-testing machine, the combination, with the bushing or' bearing, of a journal within the same formed in sections movable toward and from each other, substantially as described.

2. In an oil-testing machine, the combination, with the bushing, of the journal Within the same formed in sections,'with a spring for separating said sections to cause the nec essary friction, substantially as described.

' 3. In an oil-testing machine, the combination, with the bushing, of the journal within the same formed in sections, with a spring for separating and screws uniting the sections, whereby their outward movement may be regulated, substantially as described.

4:. In an oil-testing machine, the combination, with the bushing, of the journal formed in sections adjustably connected together, and the driving-shaft connected to one section, substantially as described.

5. In an oil-testing machine, the combination, with the bushing hung on the drivingshaft, of the flame-guard on the under side of the bushing, substantially as described.

6. In an oil-testing machine, the combination, with the journal, of abushing surrounding the same, having a chamber formed therein extending entirely around the journal, and a thermometer having its bulb in the top of said chamber, substantially as described.

7. In an oil-testing machine, the combination, with the journal, of the bushing surrounding the same, having a chamber formed therein extending entirely around the journal, a thermometer having its bulb in the top of said chamber and a flame-guard at the bottom of the same, whereby the temperature of the journal may be increased uniformly all around, and the correct temperature indicated, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereto set my hand in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

WILFRID SWVANWIOK BOUL'P. 

